Bar Exam Practice Questions

What principle does the exclusionary rule enforce in criminal trials?

1. Use of all evidence regardless of how it was obtained

2. Prohibition of illegally obtained evidence

3. Admissibility of evidence based on witness credibility

4. Mandatory sharing of evidence with the defense

The correct answer is: Prohibition of illegally obtained evidence

The exclusionary rule is a legal principle that prohibits the use of evidence obtained through illegal means during a criminal trial. It is rooted in the Fourth Amendment, which protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. The rationale behind this rule is to deter law enforcement from violating constitutional rights by ensuring that any evidence collected in contravention of the law is rendered inadmissible in court. This principle serves several key functions: it upholds the integrity of the judicial system, reinforces due process rights, and discourages police misconduct. By excluding evidence that has been obtained illegally, the court seeks to maintain a fair trial process and protect citizens' constitutional protections. The other options do not accurately reflect the purpose of the exclusionary rule. For instance, suggesting that all evidence can be used regardless of how it was obtained conflicts directly with the core principle of the exclusionary rule. Similarly, the focus on witness credibility or mandatory sharing of evidence with the defense does not capture the essence of the rule, which is specifically about the legality and admissibility of evidence gathered by law enforcement.